NHAI's self-repairing asphalt: highway transformation game-changer?

Soon, India might see roads that fix themselves, thanks to a new technology being considered by the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI), according to insiders. This innovation involves using special asphalt that can heal on its own, aiming to tackle the problem of potholes, a major cause of accidents and fatalities on Indian roads.

A senior government official, speaking anonymously, revealed that they are exploring unconventional methods to enhance road durability and combat potholes. This self-healing asphalt, once damaged, has the potential to mend itself, potentially offering a lasting solution to pothole-related issues.

Before implementing this technology, the government plans to conduct a thorough cost-benefit analysis. If successful, it could significantly extend the lifespan of roads and reduce the need for frequent maintenance, thereby minimising traffic disruptions.

In 2022, pothole-related accidents on national highways surged by 22.6%, resulting in 1,856 fatalities. Asphalt, the material used for road construction, consists of gravel and sand bound together by bitumen, a thick, sticky substance. Over time, bitumen wears away, leading to asphalt erosion and the formation of potholes.

The proposed solution involves adding steel wool particles to the bitumen, making it conductive. Once the asphalt is laid, it can be heated using an induction machine, enabling the bitumen to reattach to the gravel and sand, effectively repairing the road surface.

For road maintenance, the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways has allocated ₹2,600 crore for the fiscal year 2024-25, similar to previous years but slightly higher than the expenditure in 2022-23. This investment demonstrates the government's commitment to enhancing road infrastructure and ensuring safer travel for citizens.