Strange organisms survive 18 months in deep space!

Lichens, peculiar organisms formed through a symbiotic relationship between fungi and algae or cyanobacteria, have showcased remarkable resilience by surviving in the harsh conditions of outer space. During an 18-month stint attached to the exterior of the International Space Station, these lichens endured the vacuum of space, extreme temperatures, lack of water, and exposure to radiation and ultraviolet rays from the sun while continuing their photosynthetic activities.

In a simulated Martian environment on Earth, lichens not only survived but remained active, prompting speculation about the possibility of life existing on Mars. Lichens demonstrated the ability to withstand conditions such as extreme dryness, cold temperatures, low atmospheric pressure, and radiation bombardment—factors characteristic of the Martian environment. Remarkably, lichens can endure radiation levels 12,000 times the lethal dose for humans while sustaining photosynthesis, though their reproductive capabilities may be affected. Some scientists even entertain the idea that lichens could have played a role in spreading life between planets by hitching rides on meteorites, comets, or asteroids.

As we usher in a new year, the challenges and uncertainties of the past year persist. In the UK, promises of political stability gave way to further complexities, while globally, issues such as the potential return of Donald Trump to the US presidency, prolonged conflicts, and the climate crisis remain pressing concerns. The dawn of a new year brings hope, especially with upcoming elections in various countries. The Guardian, committed to providing unbiased reporting from around the world, emphasizes the importance of financial support to sustain its mission of independent journalism. Contributions, regardless of the amount, go towards ensuring open access to news reports and commentaries, reflecting a genuine commitment to shared responsibility and collaboration.